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Do you have a spider phobia? If so, you are not alone. Experts predicted an increase of pest activity this summer and that includes more spiders. JP McHale Pest Management will arrange for to service your residence with our Guardian Program. This program delivers the highest level of protection in urban pest management. This service combines advanced treatments for household pests in conjunction with a strategically installed, full service, termite colony elimination system. Advance treatments are designed to intercept and prevent invasive pests at a time when they are most vulnerable.
A single brief therapy session for adults with a lifelong debilitating spider phobia resulted in lasting changes to the brain’s response to fear, according to a new a new Northwestern Medicine study.
EVANSTON, Ill. — A single brief therapy session for adults with a lifelong debilitating spider phobia resulted in lasting changes to the brain’s response to fear.
The therapy was so successful the adults were able to touch or hold a tarantula in their bare hands six months after the treatment, reports a new Northwestern Medicine study.
This is the first study to document the immediate and long-term brain changes after treatment and to illustrate how the brain reorganizes long-term to reduce fear as a result of the therapy. The findings show the lasting effectiveness of short-exposure therapy for a phobia and offer new directions for treating other phobias and anxiety disorders.
“Before treatment, some of these participants wouldn’t walk on grass for fear of spiders or would stay out of their home or dorm room for days if they thought a spider was present,” said Katherina Hauner, post-doctoral fellow in neurology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and lead author of the paper, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. “But after a two or three-hour treatment, they were able to walk right up and touch or hold a tarantula. And they could still touch it after six months. They were thrilled by what they accomplished.”
The study with 12 adults was conducted when Hauner was a graduate student in the lab of Susan Mineka, PhD, professor of psychology at Northwestern.
Fear of spiders is a subtype of an anxiety disorder called specific phobia, one of the most common anxiety disorders affecting about 7 percent of the population. Common specific phobias also include fear of blood, needles, snakes, flying, and enclosed spaces.
The therapy involved gradually approaching the spider. Before the session, the participants were even afraid to look at photos of spiders. When they did, the regions of the brain associated with fear response – the amygdala, insula, and cingulate cortex – lit up with activity in an fMRI scan. Next, when asked to attempt to touch a tarantula in a closed terrarium or approach it as closely as possible, they were not able to get closer than 10 feet on average.
During the therapy, participants were taught about tarantulas and learned their catastrophic thoughts about them were not true.
“They thought the tarantula might be capable of jumping out of the cage and on to them,” Hauner said. “Some thought the tarantula was capable of planning something evil to purposefully hurt them. I would teach them the tarantula is fragile and more interested in trying to hide herself. “
They gradually learned to approach the tarantula in slow steps until they were able to touch the outside of the terrarium. Then they touched the tarantula with a paintbrush, a glove, and eventually petted it with their bare hands or held it.
“They would see how soft it was and that its movements were very predictable and controllable,” Hauner said. “Most tarantulas aren’t aggressive, they just have a bad reputation.”
Immediately after the therapy, an fMRI scan showed the brain regions associated with fear decreased in activity when people encountered the spider photos, a reduction that persisted six months after treatment.
When the same participants were asked to touch the tarantula six months later, “they walked right up to it and touched it,” Hauner said. “It was amazing to see because I remembered how terrified they were initially and so much time had passed since the therapy.”
A team of MIT researchers who recently examined spider webs says the amazing work of nature could improve various human systems, including Internet security and how buildings are designed. Pound-for-pound, the silk which spiders spin is stronger than steel yet it retains a flexibility that is very ‘flaw-tolerant’. If one section of the web malfunctions, i.e. is torn away by a bug, the larger integrity of the structure remains. This may help encourage engineers to examine the use of more complex materials when making new designs.
What’s the Big Idea?
Spider web research may affect real world systems such as how buildings are constructed in earthquake zones. Current designs seek to preserve the structural integrity of the entire building, meaning it must be razed and rebuilt if damaged, but a building of the future may collapse one vulnerable area to preserve the rest. These ‘sacrificial elements’ could also benefit networking systems. Were a computer to contract a virus, for example, the affected area could shut down immediately before infecting the rest of the network.
Spider Webs in Your Residence?
Of course the fact that spider webs may inspire new technology is amazing, but if you have spiders in your Westchester County residence they can be annoying and often even dangerous. Just call JP McHale Pest Management to find out about of Home Pest Prevention Program.
Happy Halloween!! Tonight, you expect to see vampires, ghosts and goblins around your neighborhood but it’s the bats, spiders and other pests that will be giving you the nightmares! As temperatures have begun to cool in New York, New Jersey and Connecticut outdoor pests are seeking a warm place for the winter and they want to come into your home and place of business.
Certain pests, such as bats and bed bugs, have a resemblance to Halloween characters! Bedbugs are similar to vampires in the sense that they are both nocturnal, bloodsucking creatures.
To keep spiders, mice, roaches, and other unwelcome creepy crawlers out of your home, keep all food and sweets stored in air tight containers. Don’t let your kids leave their candy on the floor as this is an open invitation for pests. If you insist on carving and leaving your pumpkin outside, it’s a good idea to bring it in at night to avoid attracting mice, rats and other outdoor pests that are looking for food and warmth.
Don’t let pests be a nightmare in your home anymore! If you live in New York, New Jersey or Connecticut call JP McHale Pest Management Inc. for all of your residential and commercial pest control services.
Yes, that is in fact another movie reference, this time for the popular 1990 film Arachnophobia. Many Americans inspected their shoes and the toilet before getting to business after this movie. And with good reason! Fright from spiders is one of our most basic fears, ranking up there with snakes and heights. Some evidence suggests that these fears are innate, having evolved during our development as a species to increase survival. However, fear of spiders in the Northeastern United States is based more in fiction than in fact.
With eight legs and two body parts, spiders belong to a group of arthropods called arachnids; a title shared by ticks, mites and scorpions. Nope, spiders are neither bugs nor insects, which have six legs and three body parts! Worldwide there is an estimated 40,000 species of spiders, with 3,400 in the US and Mexico representing 64 different families. Identification to the family level relies on several key features, including the number of eyes and their arrangement on the cephalothorax, the body segment that contains the head. For example, spiders may have six or eight eyes arranged in pairs, rows, or clusters. As is true for most specimens requiring identification, habitat and behavioral information are invaluable in determining where a specimen lives and what it does.
Nearly all spiders are predators that feed on other living organisms for nutrition. Most species have mouthparts that open and close sideways like ice tongs, with piercing fangs at the end of jaws called chelicerae. Other spiders, including tarantulas, have mouthparts that move up and down in a stabbing motion. Both mouthpart designs require spiders to liquefy food before consumption, and this is accomplished by injecting digestive fluids into captured prey. Proteins within these digestive fluids break down solid tissue, yielding a soupy liquid ingested by the feeding spider. Prey items are left as hollow exoskeletons or skins after being fed upon by a spider.
In pest management, we often hear the question, “what is the point of _[some pest]_?!” People want to know the role played by mice, clothing moths, ants or mosquitoes, which are commonly viewed only as pests. Sometimes this requires a bit of research to discover not only the ecological role played by an organism, but also the context that will give meaning for the non-ecologist. With spiders, the answer is simple:spiders provide pest control! In my own living space I consider the presence of spiders to be an indicator of spider food. Personally I would rather have the spider! Within reason, I will allow spiders to inhabit the hard to reach corners of a room so long as they do their job and eat invading insects.
Although myth and Hollywood lend to a heightened fear of spiders, there are only a few species of concern in the US. In general, spiders are not very aggressive, and only bite when they are threatened. Most reports of spider bites come from situations where people were sleeping and rolled over a spider, or someone put on an article of clothing that contained a spider.
With no ability to make noise, a spider announces its presence the only way it can, with a bite.
Reactions to a spider bite can range from no visible signs, an itchy raised bump, to severe cases that include ulcer-like sores or even death. In our area of the eastern United States, the brown recluse and black widow spiders are two species with dangerous and harmful bites.
Brown Recluse
The brown recluse or fiddle-back spider, named for the design on its cephalothorax, is a southern species occasionally introduced to our area with furniture, boxes or other items shipped north. Measuring 1/3 inch, they prey on small, soft-bodied insects and are active at night or in dimly-lit rooms during the day. Although their bite is not painful, the venom of a brown recluse spider contains a powerful cytotoxin that causes tissue death. Large ulcerating sores can form several days after a bite and require immediate medical attention. The presence of a single brown recluse spider in a home is enough to warrant action.
Black Widow
A second species of concern is the infamous black widow spider. Identified by her jet black abdomen with a contrasting red hourglass, this spider can be found in almost every state in the US, excluding Alaska. The danger posed by black widow spiders exceeds that of brown recluse based on the nature of the toxin. While brown recluse venom is cytotoxic, black widow venom is neurotoxic and can therefore create a systemic or whole-body reaction. On a per volume basis, black widow venom is more potent than that of a pit viper, but because it is injected in low levels, death is rare.Black widow bites are most dangerous to small children and the elderly.
Where to Look
Both black widow and brown recluse spiders can live indoors, where they hide in dark, infrequently disturbed spaces behind and under furniture, in basements, garages and closets, and with stored items. Webs are irregular in shape and typically found close to the ground. Outdoors, these spiders prefer to construct their webs in debris piles, in corners near windows and under the eaves of a house. These are areas visited by prey and ideal locations for a web.
More pictures of these and other spiders can be found on Bugguide.net.
Some of the spiders more commonly received for identification at JP McHale include wolf spiders, cellar spiders, sowbug killers, yellow garden spiders, nursery web or fishing spiders, long-legged sac spiders, crab spiders and jumping spiders.
Spider Myths
Chances are you have heard one of the many variations about eating spiders while you sleep. Whether it is 4 spiders a year or 20 in a lifetime (which leaves interesting mathematical questions), you would be hard-pressed to find any evidence to suggest that this is true (thank goodness). Myth Busted: we do not eat spiders in our sleep, nor do they obtain moisture from our eyes or mouth while we dream.
“Daddy-long-legs are one of the most poisonous spiders, but their fangs are too short to bite humans.” Actually, the truth about this one is comically ironic. First, the arachnids commonly referred to as daddy-long-legs are not spiders, but instead belong to a group called Opiliones or Harvestmen. What’s more? Harvestmen are not venomous and lack fangs altogether – they do not even bite! Myth Busted: harvestmen are docile predators and scavengers that contain no toxic venom.
When students go away to college, they are on their own to maintain their dorm room. Here is some information on the pests to expect in a dorm room and some tips that will help you control them.
Spiders: Most people jump at the sight of a spider. Spiders are unwelcomed guests that always tend to make their way into a room. Spiders are attracted to two things, moisture and light. Often your will see spiders make webs in the corners of the room or by the windows. If you do see a web forming, a handheld vacuum is an easy way to get rid of it. Try not to leave clutter around. Spiders can easily make a web in a stack of papers or in a cup that is just lying around.
Stink Bugs: The Western Conifer Seed Bug, often called the stink bug, is a bug that seems to make its way onto dorm walls. You will see stink bugs more likely in the winter months because they will go inside to look for shelter. When you kill them, they give off a foul odor. The only way to prevent them is to seal off entry points from the outside, like windows and doors.
Lady Bugs: If you see a small dot on the wall, don’t be surprised if it is a lady bug! Lady bugs are around ¼” long and are red or yellow with black spots. Like the stink bug, lady bugs will come indoors to look for shelter. They best way to keep these out is to seal off all entry points.
Flies: Flies and gnats are a big nuisance in dorms. You will find a significant number of gnats in the bathrooms. Flies and gnats love moisture and will hover around pipes that condensate. If a fly does enter your room the best this to do is have a fly swatter handy. Flies are very quick and a hassle to get rid of! Flies are either attracted to decay organisms or food. Hopefully a fly will be in your room just from crumbs and not a dead mouse!
Silverfish: Silverfish look like hairy centipedes. They are usually ½” to ¾” long and appear silver to brown from their scales. They are flat and oval shaped, with three long tails and two antennas. Silverfish are attracted to moisture and will thrive in rooms 70 to 80 degrees. Silverfish are nocturnal but can be found in the day time.
By following these tips, you’ll be sure to stay bug free in your dorm:
- Make sure the screens in your windows do not have tears or holes.
- Frequently dust. By dusting the areas that you rarely use will reduce the amount of pests your see significantly.
- Try to make sure there is not a big space between your door and the floor. Often there will be a small space which is big enough for pests to crawl under.
- Do not leave damp clothes or towels around. Hang up all wet clothes before you throw them in your hamper.
- Make sure all food is securely stored. Most people will be eating a bag of chips then leave the room for a bit. You’d be surprised how fast bugs can sense food!
- Position furniture right against the wall or in an area where you can move it. If there is an inch between a closet and the wall, pests will likely hang out there.
- If you do see pests, try not to kill them. Some insects, like the stink bug, will give off a scent that attracted other to the area. Catch the pest and throw it outside.
- Don’t leave clothes lying on the floor. Even if the clothes are not damp, a shirt can make a warm environment for a pest to live under!
There is nothing more pleasant than the smell of fresh air in the spring. After three or four months of battleing the elements of the winter, nothing brightens your day like walking outside in a t-shirt and shorts. So naturally you open the windows in your house and let that spring air filter through your house. Yet, of course, when there is a positive, a negative must find its way into the equation. Having screens in your windows helps you avoid a lot of negative hassles that would arise if you did not have screens installed. Some of you may have screens installed, yet they may be in rough shape and need replacing.
Why Do Screens Make Life Easier?
They keep out flies, bees, gnats, etc… during the day time.
They keep out mosquitoes, bats, moths, etc… during the night time.
Allows young families to open windows knowing that children are safe from falling out of windows.
Shows visitors and guests that you are invested in the well being of your health and others.
Why Should I Buy/Replace Screens?
First and formost, screens reduce the amount of insects and pests that can enter a home when the windows are open. Let’s look at some of the dangers that these pests can bring into a household. The first and most annoying critter has to be the mosquito. Mosquitoes are a trending topic these days with the introduction of West-Nile Virus into the USA. With many reports in the northeast in recent years, many are taking further precautions to keep mosquitoes away. One way to reduce the number of mosquitoes entering your home at night are by installing new screens or repairing damaged ones. Let’s look at the next and maybe most important animal to keep out of your house. Bats come back out during the spring and are looking for those newly hatched mosquitoes to eat. While bats aren’t the worse animal in the world to have around your property, they help control mosquito populations, they are sure not the animal you want in your house. Bats carry the feared rabies disease which has been proven a fatal over and over again. Even if the saliva of an infected bat reaches your blood system, you have the chance of being infected. Screens are the best way to keep bats out!
where a specimen lives and what it does.
contrasting red hourglass, this spider can be found in almost every state in the US, excluding Alaska. The danger posed by black widow spiders exceeds that of brown recluse based on the nature of the toxin. While brown recluse venom is cytotoxic, black widow venom is neurotoxic and can therefore create a systemic or whole-body reaction. On a per volume basis, black widow venom is more potent than that of a pit viper, but because it is injected in low levels, death is rare. Black widow bites are most dangerous to small children and the elderly.
